Humanity is pushing ecological limits because of its relentless pursuit of performance, its overconsumption and its linear ‘produce–consume–dispose’ model that trigger a four-faceted crisis: climate change, the collapse of biodiversity, global pollution and resource depletion.
If current consumption patterns continue, we will need the equivalent of three Earths by 2050. The urgency is unprecedented. A green and circular economy (GCE) is a systemic solution that could reduce global greenhouse gas emissions by up to 39 per cent.
Based on reduction, reuse and recycling and guided by the principles of sufficiency (reducing demand for resources) and resilience (the ability to cope with shocks and uncertainties), a GCE aims to meet human needs whilst respecting planetary boundaries. Going far beyond recycling, the circular economy is driving a profound transformation in production and consumption patterns: it reduces waste, optimises the use of resources, regenerates ecosystems and creates green jobs.
